Hi, I had the same trouble with (A). Because the negation seemed to destroy the conclusion. I think I figured out why (A) is not necessary. So let me try to throw in my two cents... and I would appreciate if any of the instructors can confirm whether my reasoning is valid. The conclusion is saying t...

Hi, Patrick

Thank you for the reply and you are totally right.
I did get the two backward. LR is so confusing

Thank you always!

I think (A) is indeed a necessary assumption. If the government does not sponsor any techniques that are considered likely to solve agricultural problems and do not use commercial products, then how can it be that only gov-sponsored research investigate agricultural techniques that do not use commer...

Thank you Patrick! Your explanation makes things clear now. Yes, I do apply the negation test for necessary assumption questions. In this case, I interpreted the conclusion as a prediction, not a judgment NOW. My interpretation was ‘since the BE’s results together with the W’s law contradict M’s hyp...

Hi, Patrick I understand the point of (E) is ruling out alternative causes. What if the decline was general? Other surrounding regions experienced same decline? With (E), that seems less plausible. However, I still don't quite get how (E) does not require an additional assumption to work. (That othe...

Hi, Patrick! Thank you for the reply. I guess what I was saying is in the final paragraph is author saying that "your fMRI scans do not hurt my anti-modular argument". I would prephrase the purpose more along the line of 'to show fMRI results do not support the modular theory'. Author is s...

The explanation helps a lot.

Thank you always for taking the time to answer questions thoroughly.
Only if I had your brain..!!

Hello, I got to (E) by process of elimination, but at first I crossed out (E). I agree with the first part, (pointing out that the results of fMRI does not prove the validity of the subtractive method) however, I do not like the second part (how it does not defeat the argument presented in the secon...

Hi, I can see that (D) is the correct answer here, but (B) also seems tempting to me. Doesn’t the author extend the causes (income gap) of the migration to include later events (the continuation of migration)? Is it wrong because the cause of the Great Migration is “the widened income gap” and the a...

Hi, Gurus So, I have a question on (C). The Ecologist is arguing "the cessation of an activity is due not to one cause, rather the other". His reasoning is that even if decoration is potentially helpful to nestlings, male starlings stop after egg laying starts. I thought 'what if the reaso...

Hi, I am not sure if my reasoning is correct. __________________________________________________________ Babies sleep less if they get more stimulation. (Babies would sleep more if they get less stimulation) Sleeping is important for a child's development. C: Parents should reduce the amount of stim...

Hello, teachers I have a question on (E). The official answer for (E)’s flaw is “even if budget is based on untenable assumptions, it could still be good for other reasons. So, we cannot warrant throwing it out.” However, I think if the plan is based on untenable data, it is not unreasonable to argu...

Hi, Gurus I got to answer (A) by eliminating all other choices, but the negation of (A) does not seem to destroy the argument. So I'm thinking must be an error in my reasoning. So, the negation of (A) "supporters of tariffs are significantly more likely than opponents to base their vote for a p...

Hi, Gurus. I have one question. Would it be right to say the claim that "when evaluating a work principally for its themes and ideas, we cut ourselves off from the work's emotional impact" is the practical implications of interpreting a work? I feel like this portion is practical implicati...

Hi, Gurus So I have a question on answer choice (E). I think the reason (E) is wrong is because the comparison used to conclude that old bears were not exclusively herbivores is between bone samples vs. blood samples. So, (E) would support that the level of N in bone samples of bears used in the stu...

Hi, Gurus. So my interpretation of the core is People accept W's law and know BE's result. Because of the combo of W's law and BE results is in contradiction to M's hypothesis, most of the scientists surveyed would reject M's. I thought the most important gap was jumping from the contradiction to re...

Hi, Gurus. I have one question regarding (E) So, I do understand the better answer is (C). However, (E) does seem to help out quite a bit as well. When I was doing the PT, I saw two issues. 1) What about the ones readers are not going to enjoy? Are they going to realize that more by reading Sartore?...

Thank you Patrick!

That was very crystal clear! I will be sure not to equate some and many in necessary assumption q especially.

Thanks again.

Hi, I was having the same issue with (B) like someone from above. And I want to check my reasoning for eliminating it. So, (B) says these kids who did complete the program had higher level of preprogram achievement than those who did not. So, when I was doing the PT, I thought this was a perfect wea...

Hi, Gurus. I have one question regarding choice (A) To me, (A) does not sound just like a premise booster. Because premise talks about 1) inhaling lavender reducing stress and 2) intense stress causing an increase in susceptibility to illness as two separate things. However, (A) connects the missing...