Q9 - I agree that Hogan's actions resulted in

[mesch04]

Can anyone please explain why C) is correct? I answered D) and am not sure what's wrong with that answer choice.

[ohthatpatrick]

Question Type: Explain the Result (Paradox)

Task: sort out the paradox ... try to phrase it as
Given that _____ why is that _____?
And then find an answer that helps to explain the second blank (while allowing the first to be true)

Here we have:
Given that Raisins are just dried grapes ... during the drying process sugar gets caramelized, water is lost to evaporation, and water contains no calories or nutrients
Why is it that Raisins have more iron per calorie than grapes?

I don't generally try to predict answers to these questions, but in order for the iron/calorie fraction to change, you either need to add more iron to the numerator or subtract calories from the denominator.

So I either want an answer that explains how raisins GAIN iron during the grape-drying process or how raisins LOSE calories during the grape-drying process.

(A) this just reinforces the question .. because raisins have more iron/calorie, you need more grapes to get the same iron ... but we still haven't explained WHY raising have more iron.

(B) Here we go! This is how raisins LOSE calories in the grape-drying process. We know that as it goes from grape to raisin, the sugar gets caramelized. This tells us that caramelized sugar doesn't count towards calories. So the raisins have FEWER calories than the grapes, but the SAME iron. Thus, they have a higher iron/calorie ratio.

(C) This is about how QUICKLY the body can absorb the nutrients in grapes vs. raisins. The paradox is about the actual QUANTITY of nutrients in grapes vs. raisins.

You might be thinking, "didn't (C) also talk about whether or not something was digested/absorbed?" It did. (B) isn't talking about WHETHER OR NOT the nutrients would be absorbed, but just how quickly they will. The rate of absorption doesn't give us justification for why the actual nutrients/calories contained are different between grapes and raisins.

(D) Yearly iron intake is irrelevant to explaining a difference in iron/calorie in an individual raisin vs. grape.

(E) Tempting, but we're talking about the chemical composition of raisins in terms of iron/calories. This is trying to pull a fast one by saying, "Oh, it just LOOKS like raisins provide more iron because you're eating a high iron MEAL." That's cheating. Raisins themselves, alone, have more iron/calorie than grapes.

Hope this helps.

[mjacob0511]

Pat,

Your post is for Q9 of section one, not three.

(A) He never said not responsible, just not WHOLLY condemned.
(B) No one said the robber should be responsible, the robber is brought in to explain why Hogan shouldn't be wholly responsible, because he mistakenly believed Winter to be the robber.
(C) Exactly, Hogan may have caused injury and he was aware of his actions and effects, but his actions should not be wholly condemned.
(D) This is support for the conclusion that Hogan shouldn't be completely responsible. Why not? Because he thought Winters was the robber.
(E) He says he would not disagree that the effects of Hogan's actions were reprehensible, but...(conclusion) he shouldn't be wholly condemned.