by ohthatpatrick Sat Nov 11, 2017 3:28 am
(B) is describing a scarcity of something. It's in short supply. You could definitely describe that as "restricted access", but that's being pretty charitable.
The prohibitions on women were explicit rules. They were NOT allowed to study certain disciplines. That's not short supply. That's no supply.
(D) describes more aggressive competition. That doesn't seem like much of a match for specific prohibitions.
(C) describes a specific prohibition: "they are prevented from rising above a certain level."
That sounds the most like
line 9 - "restrictions on women"
line 38 - "were prohibited to women"
If you treat "restrictions on women" as "hardships / difficulties / challenges", then you make (B) and (D) more tempting.
But in the context of this passage, the restrictions/prohibitions were flat out exclusion from certain field of education.