Q25 - Graham: The defeat of the world’s

[ohthatpatrick]

What does the Question Stem tell us?
ID the disagreement

Break down the Stimulus:
G: computer beating human at chess shows that anything w/ fixed principles can be mastered by machines and that eventually an intelligent machine will be made. A: Computer that won was designed by humans who deserve credit for figuring out the fixed principles that could defeat a human player.

Any prephrase?
Once I've read both parties' statements, I revist the 1st person's claims and figure out which one the 2nd one is attacking. Does Adelaide think that "a computer beating a human does NOT show that fixed principle activity can be mastered by machines"? Hmm, that doesn't sound right. She gets that the machine won, so it seems like the machine mastered the fixed principles. Does Adelaide think that "a computer beating a human at chess does NOT mean that it's inevitable we'll have intelligent machines"? That seems closer. Since she is pointing out that HUMAN intelligence deserves credit for having designed the machine that could beat a human, she probably thinks that this chess victory for computers is NOT good evidence for intelligent machines.

Answer choice analysis:
A) "Best" is extreme. Neither party is ranking fixed principle activities.

B) "Typical" is extreme. Neither party is debating whether chess is typical.

C) Seems close. Graham is impressed by the computer while Adelaide is impressed by the human designers of the computer.

D) Neither one is concerned with defining when/how intelligence can be demonstrated.

E) "Any" is extreme. Neither party is debating whether all fixed principle activities can have tailor-made tools.

The correct answer is C.

Takeaway/Pattern: The 2nd person pushes back at normally only one of the 1st person's claims. By isolating which one, we can sharpen our prephrase. Here, it seemed to be a case of "should we be impressed by the computer or by the people who programmed the computer"?

#officialexplanation

[AllyMaeBell]

Please see the attached explanation and diagram. Hope this helps!