Q18

[tzyc]

Is D incorrect because investigator is not the judge's role, but prosecutor's?
Since the passage says "the judge take an active part", I thought it matches the word "aggressive", but they are not investigator...correct?
Also, the word referee in B matches, but the choice is incorrect because they are not biased...
They are "manager" because they play "directive" role, right?

Thank you.

[fmuirhea]

Your reasoning for (E) over (D) seems right on to me. I'll give a full explanation of the question, and hopefully some tips on how to approach these questions in general.

First, pinpoint the scope of the question: it's asking for the judge's role in the inquisitorial system. Since this passage compares two systems (adversarial and inquisitorial), you want to make sure you're considering the correct information. You can almost predict that at least one wrong answer will attempt to describe the judge's role in the adversarial system. Handily, in this passage, each system has its own paragraph, and the descriptions aren't really intertwined, so it should be simple enough to separate out the information you need.

As you noted, the description you're looking to match is referenced at the end of the third paragraph: "...the judge take an active part...with a role that is both directive and protective."

All of the answer choices contain an adjective and a noun. I usually tackle these by first looking at the adjectives to see if they match; if they don't, throw them out, if they do, take a look at the noun that follows to see if it too matches. The important words in the description of the judge's role are "active, directive, protective." Let's look at the answer choices, just in terms of the adjectives:

(A) passive - the opposite of "active," so eliminate
(B) biased - to me, "protective" indicates that a judge would seek to eliminate bias
(C) uninvolved - the opposite of "active," so eliminate
(D) aggressive - seems to match "active/directive," so keep it
(E) involved - seems to match "active/directive," so keep it

While "referee" is a reasonable synonym for "judge," the adjective attached to it doesn't match (in fact, describing a judge as "biased" would go against common sense). Descriptions need to match all the way through. You can compare them to logic games in that way: for instance, if you know J can't be last, it doesn't matter if every other element in an answer choice for an arrangement question works; if one little thing is off (such as J being last when it is expressly prohibited), the whole answer is off.

So, we're down to (D) and (E). Let's look at the nouns to see which aligns better:

(D) investigator - as you noted, investigative duties are actually noted as the domain of the prosecutor in lines 31-36
(E) manager - this aligns well with "directive"

Considered as a whole, then, "involved manager" is better than "aggressive investigator."

I'd be interested in hearing if this approach (considering the words in a description individually at first, rather than as a whole) makes sense, or if it's just me who likes to parse in this manner. It's important that the description matches all the way through (hence why (E) beats out (D), even though the adjectives in both seem decent enough to begin with), but I find it helps with POE if you can eliminate just based on a mismatch from the start.

[tzyc]

I like the way you eliminate wrong ans. and how you apply it to LG
I agree both adj and noun should match, but was not sure whether "manager" is the word to match "directive and protective" at first.
Anyways thanks for your explanation!