Q11 - Psychiatrist: While the first appearance

[ManhattanPrepLSAT1]

This one’s kind of interesting. It says that because two phenomena are not invariably associated with each other, that one phenomenon does not contribute to the occurrence of the other phenomenon. Take the contrapositive of answer choice (D) _ if phenomena of these two types are not invariably associated, then one phenomenon does not contribute to the occurrence of another type of phenomenon. This bridges the gap between the evidence and the conclusion perfectly.

(A) is not close. The argument does not mistake a cause for an affect. In fact, it’s attempting to say that causality is not at play.
(B) is out of scope. It’s not that we cannot establish causes for certain phenomena; it’s rather that a specific causal relationship does not exist.
(C) is something akin to a circular argument. It says that the evidence is restated in the conclusion, which isn’t true.
(D) is the correct answer.
(E) is not true. The argument does not derive a causal connection. In fact, it refutes the idea that a causal connection exists.

[shirando21]

what are some other ways we can use to describe this type of flaw?