On account of a law passed in 1993, making it a crime punish

[cocageng]

Thanks a lot Ron!

[RonPurewal]

Thanks a lot Ron!

sure thing.

[dinaesh]

Because of a law passed in 1933 making"

shouldn't the v+ing immediately modify something right before it...

In this case isn't it 1933 rather than the law passed??

Even if its a noun that the v+ing should refer to ,
isn't 1933 a noun???

[RonPurewal]

Because of a law passed in 1933 making"

shouldn't the v+ing immediately modify something right before it...

In this case isn't it 1933 rather than the law passed??

Even if its a noun that the v+ing should refer to ,
isn't 1933 a noun???

nope -- that modifier can refer to the noun+modifiers, not just to the noun. (in fact, we've seen that this is the case for pretty much any modifier that modifies nouns -- i think just about every single one of those modifiers can also modify noun+modifiers, although in that case you have to be careful to make sure the sentence actually means something.)

[dinaesh]

Thanks Ron..
One more question...(this is not part of this thread)
Generally is an Inanimate object's possesive accepted in GMAT..
Or its just a preference like the Active and passive voices are treated in GMAT???

[danielpatinkin]

Dinaesh,

I your question is not completely clear to me, so I will do my best.

If by "an inanimate object's possessive" you mean, for example, "the tree's leaves," the yes, absolutely, the GMAT allows it.

I hope that helps!

- Dan P

[aagar2003]

* estelle was afraid to move because of a spider sitting on the wall --> correct, because estelle is afraid because of the spider itself, not because of the spider's sitting on the wall.

Is usage of because correct? Don't we need to use DUE TO in this case?
Estelle was afraid to move DUE TO a spider [NOUN] sitting on the wall [VERB PHRASE]

[RonPurewal]

* estelle was afraid to move because of a spider sitting on the wall --> correct, because estelle is afraid because of the spider itself, not because of the spider's sitting on the wall.

Is usage of because correct? Don't we need to use DUE TO in this case?
Estelle was afraid to move DUE TO a spider [NOUN] sitting on the wall [VERB PHRASE]

no; that use of "due to", while common in spoken language, is wrong.

see here
post29817.html#p29817

[hfhongyb]

Can't we kick out E...because we cannot replace due to by "caused by" here ?

Replacing Due to with "caused by" in E makes no sense....As per my understanding....if in a sentence we can replace due to with caused by...then only usage of due to is correct...

Please correct me if my understanding is wrong...

absolutely correct. you can always replace "due to" with "caused by".

technically, then, this statement would be declaring that immigrants themselves were caused by the law.

therefore, yes, (e) is wrong for this reason.

Hi, Ron, could you tell me why we can't choose B? I just saw that the correct ans is B from somewhere else.......thx

[RonPurewal]

Hi, Ron, could you tell me why we can't choose B?

did you read the thread? please read the thread.

post10960.html#p10960

[justprashant]

Hi, Ron, could you tell me why we can't choose B?

did you read the thread? please read the thread.

post10960.html#p10960

Hi Ron,
I read your explanation for B and C. Being a non native speaker,I' am finding it difficult to get the literal meaning. Would you please tell me how to interpret the literal meaning for B and C?

[cseramit]

Ron,

Is the usage of 'that' correct in choices B and C ?

Thanks
Amit

[saptadeepc]

Hi, Ron, could you tell me why we can't choose B?

did you read the thread? please read the thread.

post10960.html#p10960

Hi Ron,
I read your explanation for B and C. Being a non native speaker,I' am finding it difficult to get the literal meaning. Would you please tell me how to interpret the literal meaning for B and C?

Hi

I 'am a non native speaker too. Let me explain it in the way I got it. It may be useful to you.
------------------------
B starts off with "with" . With should be used in the literal sense.
For example.
With the gun, the bandit came to rob the villagers.

Here the bandit has "in literal sense" come to rob the villagers WITH the gun.
Similarly
With a law (modifiers), immigrants found that .. ( clause )

Ask yourself

Did the immigrants ACTUALLY CARRY THE LAW ( with modifiers ) WITH THEM " ? No !!

The sentence doesnt make sense. therefore, there is a meaning issue here.

------------------------
Secondly,


C is wrong because of idiom issue.

crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen holding -- is incorrect use of idiom.

It should be

crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen to hold

The crime "to hold" such things is punishable.

There is one more problem with C, although I would like the instructors to correct me if I m wrong

"holding gold in the form of bullion or coins" just after the noun modifies the noun and therefore the sentence should stand without the adjectival modifier. If we remove the modifier in 'C' it reads --

A law passed in 1933 that made it a crime punishable by imprisonment for a United States citizen, ....

It again doesnt make any sense.

Hope that helps.

[RonPurewal]

Ron,

Is the usage of 'that' correct in choices B and C ?

Thanks
Amit

"that" in those choices is not problematic. those choices have many other issues -- as nicely explained by saptadeepc in the post above this one -- but the modifiers starting with "that" in those two choices are fine.

[RonPurewal]

saptadeep's post (2 posts up from this one) is quite good; if you had trouble with my explanations, you may want to take a look at his.